| Table 1: Sample Description | ||||||||||
| Country | Observations (n) | Mean | Welfare Regime | |||||||
| Total ESS | Sample | Welfare support | Economic threat | Cultural threat | Welfare abuse | Salience of pro-welfare issues | Salience of anti-migrant issues | |||
| BE | 1,568 | 1,312 | 3.78 | 5.23 | 4.19 | 6.29 | 2227.1 | -8.1 | SD | |
| CH | 1,368 | 905 | 3.67 | 3.88 | 3.89 | 5.38 | 792.9 | 123.0 | C | |
| DE | 2,501 | 1,822 | 3.71 | 4.85 | 3.91 | 6.23 | 1110.5 | -320.0 | C | |
| DK | 1,505 | 1,192 | 3.08 | 4.61 | 3.96 | 5.58 | 1312.1 | 204.6 | SD | |
| ES | 2,341 | 1,097 | 3.99 | 4.86 | 4.40 | 5.67 | 1125.5 | -252.0 | C | |
| FI | 2,132 | 1,819 | 3.98 | 4.40 | 2.64 | 5.73 | 2238.4 | -74.7 | C | |
| FR | 1,907 | 1,594 | 4.06 | 5.21 | 4.59 | 5.64 | 1456.0 | 92.6 | C | |
| GB | 2,097 | 1,543 | 3.54 | 5.51 | 5.26 | 6.22 | 682.3 | -0.5 | L | |
| GR | 1,943 | 917 | 4.37 | 6.44 | 6.38 | 5.88 | 1280.3 | -17.2 | C | |
| IE | 1,469 | 1,169 | 3.83 | 5.12 | 4.31 | 6.12 | 1327.7 | -307.3 | L | |
| NL | 1,602 | 1,286 | 3.42 | 4.65 | 3.91 | 5.80 | 843.8 | 308.7 | SD | |
| NO | 1,412 | 1,319 | 3.54 | 4.22 | 4.09 | 5.66 | 1543.6 | -81.9 | SD | |
| PT | 2,225 | 481 | 4.15 | 5.08 | 4.49 | 5.17 | 1390.0 | -23.5 | C | |
| SE | 1,611 | 1,336 | 3.71 | 4.52 | 2.96 | 5.43 | 2529.9 | -20.2 | SD | |
| Sum (n) | 25,681 | 17,792 | ||||||||
| Total | 3.75 | 4.88 | 4.12 | 5.82 | 1450.2 | -35.3 | ||||
| Legend: SD=Social-democratic, C=Conservative, L=Liberal. | ||||||||||
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